Plasm and other compound words of -plasm
The word plasm come from Greek word plasma which means ‘to
shape’. In medical science Plasm can be used as prefix or suffix e.g. plasma
membrane and protoplasm respectively.
–plasm, with the meaning of “living substance” or “substance
of cell” used to form compound words. So here are few compound words where
–plasm used as suffix.
Axoplasm
Cytoplasm
Deutoplasm
Ectoplasm
Endoplasm
Hyaloplasm
Mitoplasm
Neoplasm
Nucleoplasm
Periplasm
Protoplasm
Sarcoplasm
Tonoplasm
Being learners sometimes we may confused with them. So here
are the meaning of some of these terms.
Cytoplasm: It is gel like substance within a
cell enclosed by cell membrane. Cytoplasm includes all material inside the cell
but outside the nucleus, in other words cell nucleus is not the part of the
cytoplasm. . Cytoplasm is colorless
made up of 80% water, proteins, salts and minerals. Most of the cellular
activities take place in cytoplasm.
Cytoplasm can be divided in two parts
1. Ectoplasm: Also known as exoplasm or cell
cortex. It is non granulated and clear outer part of cytoplasm within the cell.
It protects the cell as well as transports the things inside the cell. It also
gives elastic support to the cell membrane due to the presence of large number
of actin filament.
2. Endoplasm: Inner, dense and granulated part of
the cytoplasm is called endoplasm. It is separated from nucleus by nuclear
membrane. Endoplasm is rich in water, nucleic acids, amino acids,
carbohydrates, lipids, enzymes and minerals etc. It is actually a site of most
cellular processes. It plays crucial role in intra cellular transport.
Nucleoplasm: It is a fluid act as a barrier between the
nuclear DNA and the cytoplasm. Nuclear membrane encircles nucleoplasm. It
contains nucleotides, enzymes and proteins. Nucleolus filled with genetic
material present in nucleoplasm. Nucleoplasm can be divided in two parts.
1. Mitoplasm: The reticular part of the
cell-nucleus where chromatic substance or chromatin is present is called
Mitoplasm.
2. Hyaloplasm: the soluble, liquid portion of the nucleoplasm is called
the nucleosol or nuclear Hyaloplasm.
Protoplasm: cytoplasm and nucleoplasm
collectively called as protoplasm. It is a living content of the cell. The word
protoplasm not in much use now a days.
Periplasm: Gel like matrix present between
cell membrane and outer membrane. It
includes solutes such as peptidoglycan, ions and proteins. These substances
performed various functions in cell like nutrient binding, transport, folding,
degradation, substrate hydrolysis, cell wall synthesis, electron transport, and
alteration of substances toxic to the cell. Periplasm is devoid of ATP.
Tonoplasm: Thin layer of cytoplasm outer side of cell vacuole is
called tonoplasm. It separates one vacuole from another. It is also known as
vacuoler membrane takes part in food digestion.
Axoplasm: It is a cytoplasm of nerve cell present in axon region of
nerve cell. Axoplasm is key factor in many biological processes like
signalling, response to injuries, neurite outgrowth and axon-glia interactions.
It contains high amount of mitochondria, microfilaments and microtubules.
Sarcoplasm: cytoplasm of muscle fibre is called sarcoplasm. High amount
of glycosomes (glycogen containing granule), myoglobin, calcium ions and oxygen
binding proteins present in sarcoplasm. Sarcoplasm play important role in cell
contraction and relaxation.
Deutoplasm: the part of cytoplasm which reserve nutritive material of the
cell or ovum is called deutoplasm. It is heavier than surrounding cytoplasm.
Yolk of an egg is good example of deutoplasm.
Neoplasm: excessive and abnormal growth of cells in tissue is called
neoplasm basically it is a mass of cells formed due to uncontrolled growth of
cells. In other words Neoplasm is cancerous growth of cells.
Thank you for reading
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